Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive

Fatma B. Oktelik*; Dilek O. Civelek; Alper Okyar; Esin Cetin Aktas; Umut C. Kucuksezer; Nilgun Akdeniz; Seyhun Solakoglu; Aydın Cevik; Oral Oncul; Gunnur Deniz

doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

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J Complement Med Res. 2022; 13(3): 135-144

doi: 10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results

Fatma B. Oktelik*, Dilek O. Civelek, Alper Okyar, Esin Cetin Aktas, Umut C. Kucuksezer, Nilgun Akdeniz, Seyhun Solakoglu, Aydın Cevik, Oral Oncul, Gunnur Deniz.

Abstract
Objectives: In this preliminary study, the in vitro effect of C-Vx in human PBMCs and the in vivo effect of C-Vx in rats were investigated.

Methods: The human part was analyzed in PBMCs isolated from healthy subjects. Apoptotic index, cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T and NK cells, and cell proliferation of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells in response to different doses of C-Vx were investigated. Also the hematological and biochemical parameters of the rats administered subcutaneously in three different doses of C-Vx were monitored for 14-days.

Results: Increased CD107a expression in response to C-Vx on NK cells but not on CD8+ T cells support the increasing of NK cell cytotoxicity. C-Vx alone was capable of triggering proliferation of T and NK cells. The PHA-induced proliferation of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells was diminished in response to C-Vx, while PHA-induced CD8+ T cell proliferation was up-regulated. PHA-triggered proliferation of total NK cells was enhanced with the existence of C-Vx.
C-Vx was well tolerated in rats with no serious adverse effects or mortality (death) after 14-days of follow-up. Biochemical-parameters (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, etc.) were not significantly different among treated and control groups. The levels of white blood cells and lymphocytes were increased up to two-folds in the C-Vx group (especially 0.25 ml/day) as compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Taken together, these preliminary findings support the immunomodulatory effects of C-Vx. But these findings should cautiously be evaluated due to the low numbers of subjects in both human and experimental arms.

Key words: Cytotoxicity, immunomodulator, immune cells, viral infection

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

FBO, DOC, AO, ECA, UCK, NA, Solakoglu S, Cevik A, Oncul O, Deniz G. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. J Complement Med Res. 2022; 13(3): 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

Web Style

FBO, DOC, AO, ECA, UCK, NA, Solakoglu S, Cevik A, Oncul O, Deniz G. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. https://www.jocmr.com/?mno=95623 [Access: March 21, 2023]. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

FBO, DOC, AO, ECA, UCK, NA, Solakoglu S, Cevik A, Oncul O, Deniz G. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. J Complement Med Res. 2022; 13(3): 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

FBO, DOC, AO, ECA, UCK, NA, Solakoglu S, Cevik A, Oncul O, Deniz G. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. J Complement Med Res. (2022), [cited March 21, 2023]; 13(3): 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

Harvard Style

, F. B. O., , . D. O. C., , . A. O., , . E. C. A., , . U. C. K., , . N. A., Solakoglu, . S., Cevik, . A., Oncul, . O. & Deniz, . G. (2022) Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. J Complement Med Res, 13 (3), 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

Turabian Style

, Fatma B. Oktelik, Dilek O. Civelek, Alper Okyar, Esin Cetin Aktas, Umut C. Kucuksezer, Nilgun Akdeniz, Seyhun Solakoglu, Aydın Cevik, Oral Oncul, and Gunnur Deniz. 2022. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 13 (3), 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

Chicago Style

, Fatma B. Oktelik, Dilek O. Civelek, Alper Okyar, Esin Cetin Aktas, Umut C. Kucuksezer, Nilgun Akdeniz, Seyhun Solakoglu, Aydın Cevik, Oral Oncul, and Gunnur Deniz. "Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results." Journal of Complementary Medicine Research 13 (2022), 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

, F. B. O., , . D. O. C., , . A. O., , . E. C. A., , . U. C. K., , . N. A., Solakoglu, . S., Cevik, . A., Oncul, . O. & Deniz, . G. (2022) Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of C-Vx on the Innate and Adaptive"Immune" System:Preliminary Results. Journal of Complementary Medicine Research, 13 (3), 135-144. doi:10.5455/jcmr.2022.13.03.29

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