In current days, research on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been added incredible consideration recognized to their distinctive properties. Remarkably, ZnO NPs exhibit the antimicrobial potential, further, it may be depends upon nanoparticle shape and size. Generally ZnO NPs synthesis by different physical and chemical methods and these process are more expensive as well is not environmentally eco-friendly. On the other hand, the microbial mediated ZnO NPs synthesis have been rapidly studied recently since microbial particles are cleaner, nor toxic, eco-friendly and biocompatible nature. Further, ZnO-NPs showed attractive antimicrobial effects due to enlarged particular surface area as the condensed particle size major to improved particle surface reactivity. Therefore, many researchers are interested in microbial ZnO-NPs and their bioactive potential studies. In this review, we have covered the microbial ZnO NPs synthesis and their antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and anti-cancer prospective.