Aim: To investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of Afghan Ferula assa-foetida L. oleo gum resin on the withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats. Methods: This study was carried out in 2018. Rats were divided into five groups (one Normal Saline, one Morphine, and three Extract groups). The rats that received morphine and extract became morphine-dependent by subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of morphine hydrochloride for 7 days (2.5, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg doses twice daily from first to sixth day, respectively, and a single dose of 50 mg/kg on seventh day). The extract groups received 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg doses of the Ferula assa-foetida L. oleo gum resin aqueous extract by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration simultaneously with morphine. Naloxone (3 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 2 h after the administration of the last dose of morphine, and withdrawal signs were noted for 30 min. Results: The results showed that the administration of the Ferula assa-foetida L. oleo gum resin aqueous extract (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg) significantly decreased most of the naloxone induced withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Afghan Ferula assa-foetida L. oleo gum resin aqueous extract even in the lowest doses can alleviate the withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats.