Background: Plant-based medicinal molecules have utility in the treatment of several human ailments in either complementary or allopathic medicine or in combination. In this respect, several medicinal plants like the Chaste tree (Vitex agnus castus L.) are under use in both developing and developed countries. Oman is rich in plant biodiversity with about 1578 medicinal plant species, which also include Vitex agnus castus plants, distributed wildly across all geographical regions. The objectives of the study were to investigate on morphological characteristics, chlorophyll contents of leaves, essential oil, and chemical contents in Vitex agnus castus plants to explore the possibility of isolating its prime chemical compounds on a commercial scale.