This article examines the role of physical activity and sports in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases based on modern scientific data and practical recommendations. The paper describes the mechanisms of the impact of physical activity on the body, including the improvement of metabolism and functions of the cardiovascular system, as well as the prevention and treatment of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart and vascular diseases, depression and others.The study provides an overview of the results of many studies demonstrating that physical activity and sport have significant therapeutic potential for patients with chronic diseases. The article also provides practical recommendations on the choice of optimal types of physical activity and sports, the frequency and duration of classes, depending on the state of health, age and other factors.It is also noted that physical exercises should be individualized and aimed at achieving specific goals for each patient. At the same time, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of health and age, as well as to observe safety measures and monitor loads.One of the main conclusions of the article is the fact that physical activity and sport not only prevent the development of many chronic diseases, but also can improve the quality of life of patients, as well as reduce the risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the study highlights the importance of regular physical exercise for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, and also recommends that doctors integrate this approach into their practice.