The article discusses the features of the role of vitamin therapy in the repletion of neurological deficits. The authors point out that the studied literature indicates that vitamin D deficiency in certain cases is a negative factor that directly affects the development of diabetes and related diseases. The conducted studies of various types and volumes allow us to conclude that the attention paid to vitamin therapy in medicine today is not enough, since achieving a balance of certain vitamins in the body can reduce the risk of certain diseases, as well as improve the quality of life of patients.